Mary M'Mukindia MBS (born 1957) is a Kenyan businessperson in the petrochemicals industry, who served as CEO of the National Oil Corporation of Kenya (NOCK) from 2003 to 2008. The law of damages is a comprehensive subject about which several texts have been written. Briefly, definitions of various main types of damages are provided below. Damages awarded for actual loss, to place the plaintiff in a position that she would have been in had she not suffered the wrong complained of. The plaintiff sued the defendant for general and special damages for trespass to goods. The metadata has been prepared by Kenya Law as a guide in understanding the subject of the judicial opinion. (3) General damages, exemplary damages on an aggravated scale under section 84(2) of the Constitution of Kenya for the unconstitutional conduct by government servants and agents. Future earnings. It appears the Plaintiff's counsel in the case chose to prefer/insist on aggravated damages in his … As such, the liability and sentencing for aggravated assault is generally more severe than that for an ordinary assault. Found inside – Page 28Cover Story by Chris Mburu O ne thing that has really aggravated the already appalling situation in Kenyan prisons is the medical ... The lawyer has now filed a civil suit for damages , but the culprits have not had anything done to them . The Finance Act, 2018 introduced the requirement for all employers in Kenya to pay to the National Housing Development Fund 1.5% of each employee’s monthly basic salary with an equivalent contribution ... A declaration that the employees be entitled to general and aggravated damages for discrimination In civil tort cases, the size of the monetary damage award will likewise escalate based on the seriousness of the defendant's conduct. Despite Mr Kasote's argument that the cases of the Attorney General v Mwiinde (3) (1986) S.C.Z. Aggravated damages. Aggravated damages are meant to compensate the plaintiff for additional injury going beyond what would have flowed from the words alone, caused by … Found inside – Page 33Kenya Times , Kanu's lian tactic by which the Kanu government association mouth piece , has specialized in maligning ... pupils have been registered as voters . penalties and aggravated damages for bly and association , by the opposition . The crime of aggravated assault is a felony, usually punishable by fines and a maximum of 10 to 20 years in prison. Cases involving threats of death or serious bodily harm are charged as "aggravated assault." 2) [2002] 1 KLR 321, a defamation/libel suit, exemplary damages had been sought as an alternative to aggravated damages. The Court awarded Kennedy KSH1,500,000 for general and aggravated damages and KSH100,000 for punitive damages. Found inside – Page 15... of the Mau Mau War further aggravated the desolate state of youth during this period. ... malicious damages to farms, and, in some cases, smoked bhang. Court of Appeal judges GBM Kariuki, Fatuma Sichale and Sankale ole Kantai gave the award to cover general damages for defamation (Ksh5 million) and additional Ksh1 million for aggravated damages after disagreeing with a High Court decision that Miguna had not proved his case as required by law. Aggravated Damages. Found inside – Page 70In the first place , it was held that exemplary damages for tort may only be awarded in two classes of case ( apart from any case ... it would seem 70 COMMONWEALTH AFRICAN COUNTRIES Davies (WÓS) v Mohanlal K Shah (1971) (Kenya) Sometimes, with assault charges, you may be your greatest defense. In some cases the court may award damages which go beyond a strict measure of compensation. – nation.co.ke. Aggravated damages could be ordered against a defendant who acted out of improper motive e.g where it was actuated by malice; insistence on a flurry defence of justification or failure to apologize. Testify on your own behalf. Indeed, the plaintiff eventually left Nairobi for Malawi on 1 st September, 1990 and he arrived in Malawi on 4 th September of that year. The MP told the court Ngesa wrote defamatory content about him and shared it in public. The industrial court agreed that the said public interest had not been disclosed and awarded Marete kes1.91 … In the matter before us all essential elements for award of aggravated damages which are well set out in the said English case existed and the award of Kshs. Fri, Nov 18, 2011, 00:00. Less commonly, the court may award exemplary (or punitive) damages and certain claims carry with them a remedy in the form of aggravated damages.  Aggravated compensatory damages These are aimed at compensating the aggrieved where the accused has acted in an unjustified or in an improper way, which has intensified injury or grievance. Next Read >> Former Kirubi Man Joins KBC as Radio Manager 25,000. Last November, Justice Indra Charles awarded Mr Ngumi $386,000 in damages for false imprisonment, assault and battery, $50,000 in aggravated damages, $100,000 in exemplary damages, $105,000 in constitutional damages by way of compensation and vindication and $950 in special damages — equalling $641,950. 2 million general damages, Kshs. Found inside – Page 10KENYA Dr Robert Ouko : his ghost still haunts Kenya wo British authors , currently under an order of a Kenyan court to pay ... In early January , the Kenyan judge , Alnasir Visram , ruled that the two Britons should pay punitive damages totalling ... Through the suit, Jaffer is seeking compensation for, among others, general damages for defamation, exemplary and aggravated damages, as well as Ksh798,000 special damages for expenses incurred in advertising to clear his name. incited, especially deliberately, to anger; "aggravated by passive resistance"; "the provoked animal attacked the child". Aggravated damages compensate a victim for their pain, suffering and mental distress. Found inside – Page 199... including exemplary damages of Khs 4 million; the case of James Njau Wambururu ... v Shikongo (2010) High Court of Kenya Wachira Weheire v Attorney-General. A Kenyan native Douglas Ngumi is challenging a Supreme Court ruling that awarded him over $640,000 in damages for his unlawful arrest, detention and inhumane treatment at the Carmichael Road Detention Centre, arguing more compensation is needed for the wrongs committed against him. Aggravated and punitive damages In addition, a class action may involve claims for aggravated and/or punitive damages. Found inside – Page 389This is further aggravated by the fact that a serious attempt appears to have been ... which cannot be justified, the workmen's remedy is for damages only. aggravated. Concluding Remark In conclusion, the decision of the Court of Appeal in this matter is very instructive and offers clarity on many hitherto sticky issues, especially the issue of salary loans. 2021. Found inside – Page 99All these factors are aggravated by drought followed by intermittent heavy rain . ... Perennial flooding on the Kano Plain and the Kuja River delta causes much suffering for the human population , destroys crops and damages infrastructures . which cannot be calculated in monetary terms. Order for General damages for unlawful termination Ugx.90,000,000/-Order for Special damages of the outstanding loan from the date of award till full and final payment. The distinction between them lies mainly in causal sequence. Found insideIn assessing damages for the infringement, the court may award such measure of aggravated damages as it may consider appropriate in the circumstances.426 ... NAIROBI, Kenya, Jul 4 – A Lamu-based court on Friday handed a police officer found guilty of raping a woman who had gone to report an incident a police station life imprisonment with an additional 10 years for abuse of authority. Justice Indra Charles awarded Mr Ngumi $386,000 in damages for false imprisonment, assault and battery, $50,000 in aggravated damages, $100,000 in exemplary damages, $105,000 in … Aggravated damages arising from libel published by the defendant of … 2) [2002] 1 KLR 321 , a defamation/libel suit, exemplary damages had been sought as an alternative to aggravated damages. 2) [2002] 1 KLR 321, a defamation/libel suit, exemplary damages had been sought as an alternative to aggravated damages. General damages for trespass, mental torture, harassment, humiliation, embarrassment and ridicule suffered by the plaintiff. In this case, Katatumba approached the Court for general, aggravated, exemplary, punitive damages against Anti-Corruption Coalition of Uganda (ACCU), a… Recently, the High Court in Uganda delivered an important judgment in the case of Angella Katatumba v. Anti-Corruption Coalition of Uganda Civil Suit No. Found inside... damage to human beings it damages the immune system and the reproductive system. ... and the social problems that are aggravated by the influx of the ... In Biwott-v-Mbuguss & Another (No. Aggravated damages will be ordered against a defendant who acts out of improper motive e.g where it is attracted by malice; insistence on a flurry defence of justification or failure to apologize”. Justice Roseline Aburili directed Ngesa to also pay aggravated damages of KSh 1 million to the legislature. READ: Jeff Koinange’s salary shocks media industry in Kenya Olasupo Ojo, Coordinator of Legal Affairs for Yoruba Nation agitator, Chief Sunday Adeyemo, fondly called Sunday Igboho, has said the agitator was … Damages for pain and suffering compensate for distress caused by the … NB: You must set out in the plaint and prove if there were … to give aggravated damages i.e. In Biwott-v-Mbuguss & Another (No. The sum was described as “exemplary and/or aggravated damages for breaching the applicant’s fundamental rights in the course of illegal and/or malicious invasion of his residence situate, lying and being at Igboho Villa. Found inside – Page 671Mohanlal K. Shah ( 3 ) , this court corrected a misdirection by the trial court , pointing out that exemplary damages are given ... In my opinion , it cannot be said that there is an established body of law in Kenya , or in East Africa , which precludes ... Exemplary damages for constructive eviction of the plaintiff. Found inside – Page 388This was aggravated by problems in fertilizer supply and by a reduction in the official maize price and a change in the ... to guarantee a market at official prices for smallholders and whose monopoly actually damages incentives to produce ... Found insideI think that is what we call aggravated damages over and above the damages which are compensatory in nature. That is one issue by way of civil action. Found inside – Page 158... (e) Damages for loss of business (f) Aggravated Damages; (g) Costs and (h) Any ... Office as NSSF Complex, 23rd Floor Bishops Road, Nairobi, Kenya. Damages are usually awarded for expectation loss (loss of a bargain) or reliance loss (wasted expenditure). c) An apology in terms of and text approved by the plaintiffs to be published in a manner as prominent as the offending article. Justice Indra Charles awarded Mr Ngumi $386,000 in damages for false imprisonment, assault and battery, $50,000 in aggravated damages, $100,000 in exemplary damages, $105,000 in constitutional damages by way of compensation and vindication and $950 in special damages. The women of Malawi have been handed a legal victory that will stand them in good stead when faced with sexual harassment and assault at the workplace. Aggravated damages compensate a victim for their pain, suffering and mental distress. Kenya issues licences to foreign reinsurance brokers after law change. 7. The judge also reduced special damages by Sh661,430 and aggravated damages of Sh2.7 million. RTÉ HAS agreed to pay a significant sum in compensatory and aggravated damages … The issue arising from this claim is whether there is any legal basis for claim for aggravated damages. REPUBLIC OF KENYA IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT HOMA BAY CIVIL CASE NO. Special damages must be pleaded and proved by a litigant before they are awarded by a court. No.1, Dalag Street, Off Soka Bus Stop, … Simple past tense and past participle of aggravate. Found insideThe volume's contributors demonstrate that implementation of a range of prevention strategies-presented in an essential package of interventions and policies-could achieve a convergence in death and disability rates that would avert more ... Douglas Ngumi wants the court to award him $11 million in restitution for the injustices meted out to him. Punitive damages are different from other damages because punitive damages aren’t to compensate the plaintiff for any bills or other losses. 10,000 as exemplary damages over and above the awarded general damages of Kshs. Compensatory in nature, they are logically limited to the current general damages upper limit of $370,000 in personal injury cases. REPUBLIC OF KENYA IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT NAIROBI CONSTITUTION AND HUMAN RIGHTS DIVISION PETITION NO. Following the ruling, Ngesa was ordered to pay Odhiambo an aggravated damages to the tune of 1 Million with the court issuing a permanent injunction to Ngesa to desist from any continued defamation. In a demand letter addressed to Radio Africa’s general manager, Shaffie who had before March 27 worked for the company for over 18 years, has demanded Sh21 million in damages. exemplary damages and aggravated and compensatory damages. aggravated damages are concerned with circumstances in which the victim of a civil wrong may obtain compensation for mental distress which he or she has suffered, a more coherent perception, and so development of, the law on damages for mental distress should be possible.17 Aggravated and punitive damages In addition, a class action may involve claims for aggravated and/or punitive damages. Instead, punitive damages are designed to inflict a financial penalty on the defendant. Kenya is a republic with three branches of government: an executive branch, led by a directly elected president; a bicameral parliament consisting of the Senate and National Assembly; and a judiciary. On the second broad ground of appeal relating to award of damages, it was submitted that an award of KShs. 15,000,000/=,Kshs. 10,000,000/= and Kshs. 7,000,000/= to the appellants respectively as general damages was manifestly low for the kind of violations the appellants had suffered, so as to warrant the interference of the Court. Ms Ringo cited the words of Lord Devlin in the case of Rookes vs. Bernard [1964] 2 WLR 269 to support her General damages are monetary awards with no particular value attached. “This court has also issued a permanent injunction restraining Ngesa from continuing to defame the MP,” judge Aburili said in her judgement. exemplary or punitive or vindictive damages and aggravated damages for a defamatory article published in the Mawio Newspaper in its issue No. Aggravated damages (per Lord Woolf M.R. Aggravated damages The Court may take into account the manner in which a breach or violation was committed. Christine Evans assesses the right to reparation for victims of armed conflict in international law and in national practice. Exemplary damages on the other hand went beyond compensation and were meant to punish the defendant. 0098 of June 5-11,2014 under a headline: “CCM KUTUMIA BILIONI 3.4 KUJITANGAZA”, which in natural and ordinary meaning, means CCM (Chama cha Mapinduzi), the ruling political party, has Found inside – Page 203This damages self respect, dignity, and cultural and racial pride. Poverty has aggravated the situation by intensifying the ... In the same way, defamation damages are aggravated by outrageous conduct or evil motive of the defamer. Indeed, the plaintiff eventually left Nairobi for Malawi on 1 st September, 1990 and he arrived in Malawi on 4 th September of that year. 200,000/- would be sufficient compensation to the plaintiff in General Damages,” he said. A politician in Siaya county identified as Booker Ngesa has been ordered by a court to pay Gem MP Elisha Odhiambo KSh 5 million as general damages in a defamation case The High Court sitting in Siaya on Wednesday, July 28, directed Ngesa to pay the lawmaker following a Facebook post. 11. Aggravated assault refers to an assault with an additional aggravating circumstance. Restitutionary damages apply where the court seeks to strip back the gain obtained by the defendant at the claimant's expense. This publication, prepared jointly by the WHO, the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme, considers the public health challenges arising from global climate change and options for policy responses, ... High Court orders Gem politician to pay Sh6 million for defaming his MP ASiaya politician has been ordered to pay Gem MP Elisha Odhiambo Sh5 million general damages in a defamation suit. Found inside – Page 52Exemplary Damages Kenyan courts award exemplary damages in cases with aggravating circumstances . These damages will be given to the plaintiff over and above compensatory damages . 106 / Exemplary damages are further subdivided ... The MP was awarded Ksh. [adjective] Having been the subject of aggravation; frustrated and angry. violation of the law by paying a lot of rent. 10,000 as exemplary damages over and above the awarded general damages of Kshs. The MP told the court that he had tried to convince Ekisa to pull down the post voluntarily but his plea was rejected prompting him to seek legal redress. THE HON. The Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) lawmaker had sued the politician, who is also As for aggravated damages, Charles opined that an award of $50,000 is reasonable. Intent is a major element of assault, and it deals with thoughts in your own head. Justice Francis Tuiyott also dropped the special damages by 661,430 Kenyan Shillings and aggravated damages by 2.7 million Kenyan Shillings. Examples of non-compensatory damages include nominal damages, aggravated damages, restitutionary damages and account of profits. This volume will be of interest to social and moral philosophers, legal and human rights theorists, practitioners and students. General damages for libel contained in the defendant’s publication of the plaintiff. In Biwott-v-Mbuguss & Another (No. IKO NINI BWANA SEED. It is the largest award of its kind in the country’s history. This is the largest award of its kind in the Caribbean country’s history. Found inside – Page 306GV Odunga 306 Digest on Civil Case Law and Procedure awarded – the damages are said to be “ at large ” . See Carter - Ruck on Slander ... See Wambugu Njoroge v Kenya Commercial Bank Ltd civil appeal number 179 of 1992 . ... KShs 2 000 000 as aggravated damages and KShs 200 000 for apology . 747A . Gekong ... A total of Uganda shillings 2,465,000/ and Kenya shillings 362,028/ or equivalent in Uganda shillings is awarded as special damages for medical treatment. Found inside – Page 89He writes that the Samburu are not aware that these problems are aggravated by an over-utilization of the land, but ... This is based on the erroneous assumption that burning always damages the pasture. ... and the constant ratio of inhabitants to livestock according to thesources of the Kenya Land Commission Evidence. In his plaint, the Plaintiff demands aggravated damages amounting to TZS 1,000, 000,000/=. Found inside – Page 6At the Hotel Intercontinental, Nairobi, Kenya, April 28th-30th 2004 ... set - up , which may be worsened by avoid them and the reasons . half - hearted enforcement only to be aggravated by extremely lenient sentences for They should be ... Aggravated damages then awarded may compensate where the loss the claimant actually suffered is exacerbated or aggravated by the conduct of the defendant to ensure that they are compensated in full measure. 2) [2002] 1 KLR 321, a defamation/libel suit, exemplary damages had been sought as an alternative to aggravated damages. 4. Found inside – Page 351... iv ) Lost opportunity profits for the above period in respect of this inability to expand his business ; v ) Aggravated and exemplary damages for the bad faith , high - handed and unlawful behaviour the Government of Kenya has demonstrated " ... Judgment No. in Thompson v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [1997] 2 All ER 762) '. The court awarded Kshs. Counsel submitted that the criminal conviction was procured through unconstitutional means and hence should be set aside. Punitive damages are also intended … By Noella Lubano. Data Hub. 1.5 Million aggravated damages making a total of Kshs. Judgment No. 6 article published by Mawio Newspaper in its issue No. The principal remedy under common law for breach of contract is an award of damages, with the purpose of damages being to compensate the injured party for the loss suffered as a result of the breach, rather than (except for very limited circumstances) to punish the breaching party. These damages are awarded for the extra harm which is caused to the plaintiff which cannot be compensated by the compensatory damages and it is given for factors such as the loss of self-esteem, pain and agony suffered by the plaintiff etc. 8. 5 and Kunda v The Attorney General (4) (1993) S.C.Z. The lawyer also argues that since there is no law allowing them to get money for the purchase of vehicles, all MPs and other beneficiaries of the shs200 million for the purchase of brand new vehicles should be forced to refund the money but also pay general, exemplary and aggravated damages. Defamation is not new especially in the political quarters with Nyali Member of Parliament Mohamed Ali recently suing The Star publication over defaming headline in a story featuring him. Robbery is the crime of taking or attempting to take anything of value by force, threat of force, or by putting the victim in fear. Found inside – Page 21In his suit , Lokorio the High Court from pubSunday under police and asked the court to award him damages lishing , printing ... touching on against the paper for aggravated damages . businessman Samuel Kamau The editor of The Post on Sunday , border . ... Nyachae re- trict in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya some pictures of an alleged victim of futed some of the claims made in an on July 8. Mwangi ... 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